The Institute of Medicine recently identified eight preventive services that could improve women's lives and should be covered by health insurance plans at no cost to the consumer. Deborah Nelson, professor of public health at Temple, said that co-pays can often provide a financial barrier to health care. "For example, there is a group of women who have a higher mortality rate for cervical cancer, and an HPV test can help close that gap. Many of the women aren't covered by insurance and can't afford the co-pay, so removing that financial barrier will be helpful."